最近“计算器bug”的话题十分火热。那么你知道这其中的缘由吗，为什么计算器的运算逻辑会如此反常呢？

三个逻辑学家相约去喝酒。

侍者：“三位都要一杯啤酒吗？”

逻辑学家A、B和C依次做出了回答。

请问，哪种回答是合乎逻辑的？

8（5184）9

7() 8
12（24336）13
这题具有一定的逻辑性，不要怀疑问题的严谨性

【专题 GMAT逻辑题】

The number of applications for teachingpositions in Newtown’s public schools was 5.7 percent lower in 1993 than in 1985and 5.9 percent lower in 1994 than in 1985. despite a steadily growing student populationand an increasing number of teacher resignations, however, Newtown does not facea shortage in the late 1990’s.      Which ofthe following, if true, would contribute most to an explanation of the apparentdiscrepancy above?      

【A】Many of Newtown’s public school studentsdo not graduate from high school      

【B】New housing developments planned for Newtownare (shared) for occupancy in 1987 and are expected to increase the number of elementaryschool students in Newtown’s public      

【C】The Newtown school board does notcontemplate increasing the ratio of students to teachers in the 1990’s.      

【D】Teachers’ colleges in and near Newtownproduced lower graduates in 1994 than in 1993    

【E】In 1993 Newtown’s public schools received 40percent more applications for teaching positions than there were positions available

【专题 GMAT逻辑题】

The higher the level of certainvitamins and minerals in the bloodstream, the better a person's lung function, asmeasured by the amount of air the person can expel in one second. The lung functionof smokers is significantly worse, on average, than that of nonsmokers. Clearly,therefore, one way for smokers to improve their lung function is for them to increasetheir intake of foods that are rich in these helpful vitamins and minerals.  Which of the following is an assumption on whichthis argument depends?  

(A) Smokers are less likely than nonsmokers to have diets thatare rich in vitamins and minerals.  

(B) The lung function of smokers whose diets are rich in thosevitamins and minerals is generally better than that of nonsmokers with comparablediets.

(C) People whose diets are deficient in those vitamins and mineralsdo not typically have other health problems in addition to diminished lung function.

(D) Stopping smoking will not typically improve lung functionmore than any diet changes can.  

(E) Smoking does not introduce into the body chemicals thatprevent the helpful vitamins and minerals from entering the bloodstream.  

【专题 GMAT逻辑题】

The heavy traffic in Masana isa growing drain on the city’s economy-the clogging of the streets of thecentral business district alone cost the economy more than$1.2 billion over thepast year. In order to address this problem, officials plan to introducecongestion pricing, by which drivers would pay to enter the city’s most heavilytrafficked areas during the busiest times of the day.Which ofthe following, if true, would most strongly indicate that the plan will be asuccess?

A.Approximately one-fifth of the vehicles in the central business district are intransit from one side of the city to the other.

B.Planners expect that, without congestion pricing, traffic in Masana is likelyto grow by 6 percent in the next five years.

C. Inother urban areas, congestion pricing has strongly encouraged carpooling(sharing of rides by private commuters).

D.Several studies have shown that a reduction in traffic of 15 percent in Masanacould result in 5, 500 or more new jobs.

E. Over30 percent of the vehicles in the city’s center are occupied by more than oneperson.

【专题 GMAT逻辑题】

Which of the following mostlogically complete the passage?

     A recent government study links the highrates of respiratory ailment in Groverston to airborne pollutants released bythe Woodco plywood manufacturing plant there. To address the problem, thegovernment imposed strict regulations on emissions which will go into effect infour years. Although Woodco plans to cut its emissions in half two years aheadof schedule, it is unlikely that the rate of respiratory ailments will declinebefore the regulations go into effect, since .

     (A) the number of facilities capable oftreating respiratory ailments is not likely to increase

     (B) reducing emissions even further thanplanned would necessitate decreasing production at Woodco

     (C) it is difficult to make accurate,long-term predictions about emissions

     (D) not all respiratory ailments are causedby airborne pollutants

     (E) three new plywood manufacturing plantsare about to go into production in Groverston

【专题 GMAT逻辑题】

Maize contains the vitaminniacin, but not in a form the body can absorb. Pellagra is a disease thatresults from niacin deficiency. When maize was introduced into southern Europefrom the America in the eighteenth century, it quickly became a dietary staple,and many Europeans who came to subsist primarily on maize developed pellagra.Pellagra was virtually unknown at that time in Americas, however, even among peoplewho subsisted primarily on maize.        

Whichof the following, if true, most helps to explain the contrasting incidence ofpellagra described above?        

(A)Once introduced into southern Europe, maize became popular with landownersbecause of its high yields relative to other cereal crops.        

(B)Maize grown in the Americas contained more niacin than maize grown in Europedid.        

(C)Traditional ways of preparing maize in the Americas convert maize’s niacin intoa nutritionally useful form.        

(D)In southern Europe many of the people who consumed maize also ate niacin-richfoods.        

(E) Before the discovery of pellagra’slink with niacin, it was widely believed that the disease was an infection thatcould be transmitted from person to person.

【专题 GMAT逻辑题】

Which of the following mostlogically completes the argument? Sviatovinis a medieval Moringian text whose author and exact date of composition areunknown. However, the events in the life of Prince Sviatov that the textdescribes occurred in 1165, and in the diagram of Sviatov’s family thataccompanies the text his father, who died in 1167, is identified as stillliving. Thus Sviatovin must have been written between 1165 and 1167, assuringthat.

A. thelife of Prince Sviatov is not the subject of any other medieval Moringian texts

B. theauthor of Sviatovin intended it to provide as accurate a report about PrinceSviatov's exploits as possible

C. thediagram accurately represents the composition of Sviatov's family at thetimeSviatovin was written

D.Sviatovin is the earliest Moringian text whose composition can be dated towithin a few years

E Sviatovin was not written by Sviatov's father himself

【MBA 逻辑试题】

人民既是历史的创造者，也是历史的见证者;既是历史的“剧中人”，又是历史的“剧作者”，离开人民，文艺就会变成无限的浮萍，无病的呻吟，无魂的躯壳，观照人民的生活、命运、情感，表达人民的心愿，心情、心声，我们的作品才会在人民中传之久远。

根据以上陈述，可以得出以下哪项?

【MBA逻辑试题】

研究人员发现，人类存在3种核苷酸基因类型：AA型，AG型以及GG型。一个人有36%的积累是AA型，有48%的几率是AG型，有16%的几率是GG型。在1200名参与实验的老年人中，拥有AA型和AG型基因类型的人都在上午11时之前去世，而拥有GG型基因类型的人几乎都在下午6时左右去世。研究人员据此认为：GG型基因类型的人会比其他人平均晚死7小时。

以下哪项如果为真，最能质疑上述研究人员的观点？

【MBA逻辑试题】

生态文明建设事关社会发展方式和人民福祉。只有实行严格的制度，最严密的法治，才能为生态文明建设提供可靠保障;如果要实行最严格的制度、最严密的法治，就要建立责任追究制度，对那些不顾生态环境盲目决策并造成严重后果者，追究其相应的责任。

根据上述信息，可以得出以下哪项？

【MBA逻辑试题】

唐代韩愈在《师说》中指出：“孔子曰：三人行，则必有我师。是故弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子，闻道有先后，术业有专攻，如是而已。”

根据上述韩愈的观点，可以得出以下哪项？

【MBA逻辑试题】

某学期学校新开设4门课程：“《诗经》鉴赏”“老子研究”“唐诗鉴赏”“宋词选读”，

李晓明、陈文静、赵珊珊和庄志达4人各选修了其中一门课程。已知：

(1)他们4人选修的课程各不相同;

(2)喜爱诗词的赵珊珊选修的是诗词类课程;

(3)李晓明选修的不是“《诗经》鉴赏”就是“唐诗鉴赏”

以下哪项如果为真，就能确定赵珊珊选修的是“宋词选读”?

【MBA 逻辑试题】

最近一项研究发现，某国30岁至45岁人群中，去医院治疗冠心病，骨质疏松等病症的人越来越多，而原来患有这些病症的大多是老年人，调研者因此认为，该国年轻人中“老年病”发病率有不断增加的趋势。

以下哪项如果为真，最能质疑上述调研结论？

【MBA逻辑试题】

市长任职的三年里经常被控对女性有性别歧视的态度。然而，他已经在他的管理层的19个高层职位中任用了5名妇女，她们中的所有人都仍在服务，这表明市长并不是一名性别歧视者。

以下哪项为真，最能反驳上面得出的结论？

【GCT逻辑试题】

军队的战斗力取决于武器装备和人员素质。在2008年与俄罗斯的军队冲突中损失惨重的格鲁吉亚，准备花费90亿美元，用现代化装备重新武装自己的军队。尽管美国非常支持格鲁吉亚加强军事力量，却不准备将先进的武器卖给它。
以下各项陈述，除哪项陈述外，都可以解释美国的这种作法？

【GCT逻辑试题】

近年来，我国大城市的川菜馆数量正在增加。这表明，更多的人不是在家里宴请客人而是选择去餐厅请客吃饭：
为使上述结论成立，以下哪项陈述必须为真？

【GCT逻辑试题】

哪一个运动员不想出现在奥运会的舞台上，并在上面尽情表演？
如果以上陈述为真，以下哪项陈述必定为假？

【GCT逻辑试题】

英国牛津大学充满了一种自由讨论，自由辩论的气氛，质疑、挑战成为学术研究之常态。以至有这样的夸张说法：你若到过牛津大学，你就永远不可能再相信任何人所说的任何一句话了。
如果上面的陈述为真，以下哪项陈述必定为假？

【GRE逻辑试题】

近年来，专家呼吁禁止在动物饲料中添加作为催长素的联苯化合物，因为这种物质对人体有害。近十多年来，人们发现许多牧民饲养的荷兰奶牛的饲料中有联苯残留物。
如果以下哪项陈述为真，最有力地支持了专家的观点？

【GMAT逻辑试题】

保护思想自由的人争论说，思想自由是智力进步的前提条件。因为思想自由允许思考者随求自己的想法，而不管这些想法会冒犯谁，以及会把他们引到什么方向。然而，一个人必须挖掘出与某些想法会冒犯谁，以及会把他们引到什么方向。然而，一个人必须挖掘出与某些想法相关的充分联系，才能促使智力进步，为此，思考者需要思考法则。所以，关于思想自由的论证是不成立的。
如果以下哪项陈述，能够合乎逻辑地得出上文的结论？